儿童极端贫困的新估计 Introduction A wealth of evidence indicates that early childhood investments in human capital are critical for improving productivity and living standards. Poor families， however， often cannot afford to make these crucial investments in childhood health， nutrition and education. In part to monitor the extent to which poverty constrains human capital investment， the Sustainable Development Goals place particular emphasis on disaggregating poverty and other measures of welfare by age. This paper does SO for children， in the context of the first Sustainable Development Goal， which aims to "By 2030， eradicate extreme poverty for all people everywhere， currently measured as people living on less than $1.90 a day." How many of the extreme poor population are children and what are their characteristics? Unfortunately global child extreme poverty estimates， unlike global counts， are only calculated and published sporadically. Batana et al （2013）， estimate extreme child poverty rates using household survey data from 73 countries， collected between 1992 and 2005. That study estimates that 38.4 percent of children younger than 18 lived on less than $1.25 per day in 2000， as compared with 31.4 percent of people overall. Meanwhile， Olinto et al （2013） use data from 73 countries between 2000 and 2009， to which they apply the prevailing headcount poverty rates for 2010， measured using the 2005 Purchasing Power Parity （PPP） exchange rates. 【更多详情，请下载：儿童极端贫困的新估计】